| Abstract | Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi dobne razlike između učenika 2. i 4. razreda u
motoričkim znanjima i tjelesnoj aktivnosti.
Istraživanje je povedeno na uzorku od 117 ispitanika, od kojih su 51 učenici 2.
razreda, a 66 učenici 4. razreda. Istraživanje je provedeno u Prvoj osnovnoj školi u
Čakovcu. Sudjelovali su učenici 2. razreda, starosti od 8 godina i učenici 4 razreda,
starosti 10 godina. Uzorak varijabli sačinjavao je 12 testova za procjenu motoričkih
znanja „Test of Gross Motor Development“ (TGMD-2) ( trčanje, galop naprijed,
poskoci na jednoj nozi, skok preko prepreke, skok u dalj iz mjesta, galop strance,
bejzbol udarac, vođenja lopte u mjestu, hvatanja lopte, udaranja lopte nogom,
bacanja loptice u dalj i rolanja loptice) i 3 antropometrijske mjere (tjelesna visina,
tjelesna težina i indeks tjelesne mase BMI). Tjelesna aktivnost učenika ispitana je
upitnikom „Fels physical activity questionnaire for children“.
Rezultati su pokazali da prosječna tjelesna visina učenika 2. razreda iznosi 135.25
cm, a tjelesna masa 31.69 kg. Prosječni rezultat indeksa tjelesne mase (ITM) učenika
2. razreda iznosi 17.29 te prati krivulju normalnog rasta i razvoja (CDC, 2000).
Rezultati prikazuju da je 3.9% pothranjeno, 62.7% normalne tjelesne mase, 21.6%
prekomjerne tjelesne mase i 11.9% učenika pretilo. Prosječna vrijednost ukupnog
motoričkog indeksa je (76.05).
Kod učenika 4. razreda prosječna tjelesna visina iznosi 145.69 cm, a tjelesna masa
36.42 kg. Prosječni rezultat indeksa tjelesne mase (ITM) učenika 4. razreda iznosi
16.85 te prati krivulju normalnog rasta i razvoja (CDC, 2000). Rezultati prikazuju da
je 12.1% pothranjeno, 78.8% normalne tjelesne mase, 3% prekomjerne tjelesne mase
i 6.1% učenika pretilo. Prosječna vrijednost ukupnog motoričkog indeksa je (94.33).
U ukupnom uzorku ispitanika 2. razreda (N=51) 52.9% učenika zadovoljava razinu
preporučene tjelesne aktivnosti, a ostalih 47.1% je tjelesno neaktivno. U ukupnom
uzorku ispitanika 4. razreda (N=66) 68.2% učenika zadovoljava razinu preporučene
tjelesne aktivnosti, a ostalih 31.8% je tjelesno neaktivno.
U istraživanju je dobivena statistička značajna razlika između učenika 2. i 4. razreda
u standardnoj vrijednosti manipulativnih znanja (p=.020) i ukupnom indeksu
motoričkog razvoja (p=0.023) u kojima su veće vrijednosti postigli učenici 4.
razreda.
Također, dobivena je statistički značajna razlika u indeksu kućanskih poslova (p=
0.006) i ukupnom indeksu tjelesne aktivnosti (p=0.037) gdje su također veće
vrijednosti postigli učenici 4. razreda. |
| Abstract (english) | Aim of this research was to determine age diferences between 2nd and 4th grade
students motoric skills and physical activities.
Research was conducted with a sample of 117 students, from which 51 were 2nd
grade students and 66 were 4th grade students. The research took place in Prvoj
osnovnoj školi in Čakovcu (First elementary school in Čakovec). Participants from
2nd grade were 8 years old and participants from 4th grade were aged 10 years.
Variable sample used was made of 12 test used for evaluation of motoric skills,
better known as „Test of Gross Motor Development“ (TGMD-2) (running, gallop
forward, one-leg hops, obstacle jump, horizontal jump, slide, striking a stationary
ball, stationary dribble, kick, catch, overhead throw and underhand roll) and 3
anthropometric measures (height, weight and the body mass index). Physical activity
of the participants was determined with the help of „Fels physical activity
questionnaire for children“.
The results have shown that the average height of a 2nd grade student is 135.25 cm
and average weight is 32.69 kg. In addition to that body mass index (BMI) for a 2nd
grade student is 17.29 and it follows the line of normal growth and development
(CDC, 2000). Furthermore, the results show that 3.9% of the students are
malnourished, 62.7% is normal weight, 21.6% are excessive weight and 11.9% are
obese. Average value of overall motoric index is 76.05. In comparison, the average
height of a 4th grade student in 145.69 cm and average weight is 36.42 kg. The
average body mass index (BMI) of a 4th grade student is 16.85 and it follows the line
of normal growth and development (CDC, 2000). Furthermore, the results show that
12.1% of the students are malnourished, 78.8% are normal weight, 3% are excessive
weight and 6.1% are obese. Average value of overall motoric index is 94.33.
Of all participants in 2nd grade (N=51) 52.9% of students satisfies recommended
amount of physical activity and 47.1% of students are physically inactive. Compared
to 4th grade (N=66) students, where 62.2% satisfies recommended amount of
physical activity and 31.8% are physically inactive. The research has identified that
statistical significance between 2nd and 4th grade students in standard value of
object skills (p=.020) and overall index of motoric development (p=0.023) where the
higher values were achieved by 4th grade students.
In addition, the biggest statistical significance was identified in index of chores
(p=0.006) and overall body mass index(p=0.037) where once again, the 4th grade
students achieved higher values. |
