Voda, kemijska osnova i biološki važne organske molekule - znati, razumjeti i primijeniti u razrednoj nastavi

master's thesis

• Title (english): Water, Chemical Basis And Biologically Important Organic Molecules - To Learn, Understand And Apply In Classroom Teaching
• Author: Monika Škof
• Mentor: Darinka Kiš-Novak (mentor)
• Committee member: Goran Lapat (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Darinka Kiš-Novak (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Šlezak (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-07-06, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Interdisciplinary Natural Sciences; Teaching Methods in the Natural Sciences

Abstract

Tema ovog diplomskog rada je znati, razumjeti i primijeniti kemijsku osnovu živih
bića, vodu i biološki važne organske molekule u razrednoj nastavi. Prvi dio rada opisuje
kemijsku osnovu živih bića, što uključuje vodu i biološki važne organske molekule, poput
ugljikohidrata, lipida, nukleinskih kiselina i proteina. U radu se opisuje svaka od navedenih
molekula te njihova uloga za funkcioniranje organizma. Drugi dio rada odnosi se na uvođenje
učenika u poznavanje, razumijevanje i primjenu kemijske osnove u razrednoj nastavi kroz
predmet Priroda i društvo. Kako bi se saznala zastupljenost ovih tema u razrednoj nastavi,
analizira se i otkriva uključenost tema u razrednu nastavu temeljem Nastavnog plana i
programa za osnovne škole i Kurikuluma nastavnog predmeta Priroda i društvo za osnovne
škole. Budući da se učenici upoznaju s nastavnim predmetima Kemija i Biologija tek u višim
razredima osnovne škole te u srednjim školama, cilj ovog rada je praktično predstaviti usku
vezu između organske i anorganske tvari. Kemijska osnova, voda i biološki važne organske
molekule čine osnovu pravilne prehrane pa je u drugom dijelu posebno prikazana dječja
prehrana. Njezina važnost sažima se kroz piramidu pravilne prehrane. Djeca se nalaze u
razdoblju intenzivnog rasta i razvoja, a oni nisu mogući bez pravilne prehrane. Pravilna
prehrana podrazumijeva uravnotežen unos energije i hranjivih tvari. Kako bi se djeca, već od
najranije dobi, upoznala s pozitivnim prehrambenim navikama, uz piramidu pravilne
prehrane, prikazana je i potrebna dnevna energetska vrijednost prema dobi djeteta. Osim
energetske vrijednosti, spominje se i zastupljenost biološki važnih organskih molekula u
prehrani djece. One se očituju kroz osnovne sastojke hrane: ugljikohidrate, proteine, masti,
vitamine, minerale i vodu. Prikazan je i njihov preporučen udio u dječjoj prehrani. Na kraju se
nalazi i primjer jelovnika za jedan dan školskog djeteta, pridržavajući se energetskih i
nutritivnih vrijednosti.

Abstract (english)

The topic of this graduate thesis is to know, understand and apply the chemical basis
of living beings, water and biologically important organic molecules in the classroom. The
first part of work describes the chemical basis of living beings, which includes water and
biologically important organic molecules, such as carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and
proteins. The work describes each of these molecules and their role in the functioning of the
organism. The second part of the work refers to the introduction of students to knowledge,
understanding and application of chemical basis in the classroom through the subject of nature
and society. In order to find out the representation of these topics in the classroom, the
involvement of these topics in the classroom is analyzed and revealed based on the curriculum
for primary school and the curriculum of the subject nature and society for primary school.
Since students are introduced to the subjects of chemistry and biology in the upper grades of
primary school and in secondary schools, the aim of this work is to practically present the
close connection between organic and inorganic matter. The chemical basis, water and
biologically important organic molecules make the basis of proper nutrition, so the second
part shown separately children's nutrition. Its importance is summed up through the pyramid
of proper nutrition. Children are in a period of intense growth and development and it is not
possible without proper nutrition. Proper nutrition implies a balanced entry of energy and
nutrients. So that children, from an early age, get acquainted with the positive nutritious
habits, along the pyramid of proper nutrition, is also shown the energy value to the age of
children. Except the energy value, it is also mentioned the presence of biologically important
molecules in children's nutrition. They are manifested through the basic ingredients of food:
carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals. Also is shown their recommended part in
children's nutrition. An the end is an example menu for one day of a school child, adhering to
energy and nutritional values.

• Keywords: kemijska osnova; STEM; razredna nastava; pravilna prehrana; radionice
• Keywords (english): chemical basis; STEM; classroom teaching; proper nutrition; workshops
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:705977
• Study programme: Title: Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study of Primary Teacher Education and Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study for Primary Teacher Education with English and German Language; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja (magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-12-13 10:30:10