Likovne aktivnosti u vrtiću potaknute dječjom maštom

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Preschool Art Activities Prompted By Children's Imagination
• Author: Aleksandra Novak
• Mentor: Kristina Horvat Blažinović (mentor)
• Committee member: Ljubomir Levačić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Kristina Horvat Blažinović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Andrija Večenaj (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-08-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: FIELD OF ART; Fine Arts
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Pedagogy; Early Childhood and Preschool Pedagogy

Abstract

Potreba za likovnim izražavanjem urođena je u djeci. Dječja likovna aktivnost može puno govoriti
o misaonom i motoričkom razvoju te emocionalnom stanju djeteta. U proces likovnog izražavanja
uključeno je vizualno mišljenje koje interpretira slike iz okoline i likovno mišljenje koje iskazuje
sliku okolinu kako je vidi autor.
Dječje likovno izražavanje razvija se u četiri karakteristične faze, a to su faza izražavanja
primarnim simbolima, faza izražavanja složenim simbolima, faza intelektualnog realizma i
konačno faza vizualnog realizma. Faze su određene razvojem psihomotoričkih i misaonih
sposobnosti te su univerzalne za svu djecu.
Dječja mašta ima važnu ulogu u dječjoj igri i likovnom izražavanju. Dijete maštu upotrebljava za
izražavanje originalnih ideja kombiniranjem postojećih elemenata ili za rješavanje problema
postavljanjem poznatih elemenata u nove odnose. Dječja mašta se osim likovnim izražavanjem
često pokazuje u simboličkoj igri.
Ispravnim poticanjem dječjeg likovnog izražavanja može se pozitivno utjecati na razvoj dječje
kreativnosti. Važni načini poticanja dječjeg stvaralaštva su usmjeravanje opažanja, aktiviranje
sjećanja, maštanje, zamišljanje, slobodna igra materijalima i potvrđivanje vrijednosti dječjeg
likovnog rada. Razvoj kreativnosti je važan za razvoj djeteta, ali i cijelog društva. Najbolji način
za razvoj likovnog izražavanja je likovno izražavanje.
U dječjem vrtiću su provedene tri likovne aktivnosti čiji je cilj bio da se djeca likovno izraze
potaknuta svojom maštom. Prva aktivnost bilo je crtanje olovkom na temu maštanja nastavka priče
iz slikovnice “Moć Henryjeve mašte”. Druga aktivnost je bilo slikanje temperom na temu
zamišljenog neobičnog prostora te su djeca bila potaknuta kratkom motivacijom. Treća aktivnost
je bila prostorno-plastično oblikovanje na temu neobičnog stroja. Aktivnosti su provedene u
dječjem vrtiću Cvrčak u Čakovcu u dobnoj skupini od šest do sedam godina. Tijekom provođenja
likovnih aktivnosti koje su povezane s maštanjem djeca su dobila mogućnost kreativnog,
slobodnog i stvaralačkog izražavanja. Djeca su imala mogućnost izražavanja vlastitih osjećaja,
doživljaja i znanja putem crtanja, slikanja i konstruiranja.

Abstract (english)

Every child is born with innate need for artistic expression. Child’s art activities can tell a lot about
cognitive and motor development as well as the emotional state of the child. Process of artistic
expression consists of visual cognition that interprets images from the environment and artistic
cognition that expresses the image of the environment as seen by the author.
Children’s artistic expression develops in four distinct stages. The stages are the stage of expression
using primary symbols, the stage of expression using complex symbols, the stage of intellectual
realism and the stage of visual realism. The stages are determined by psychomotor and cognitive
ability and they are universal for all children.
Children’s imagination plays an important role in children’s play and artistic expression. A child
uses imagination to express novel ideas by combining existing elements or to solve problems by
putting known elements in new relations. Besides artistic expression, children’s imagination is also
often expressed in symbolic play.
It is possible to positively influence children’s creativity by correctly encouraging children’s
artistic expression. Important ways to encourage children’s artistic expression are perception
focusing, memory activation, imagination, free play with materials and confirmation of the value
of children’s art. Development of creativity is important for children's development, but also for
the development of the society as a whole. The best way to develop artistic expression is to engage
in artistic expression.
Three art activities were carried out in the preschool with the goal of enabling children’s expression
prompted by imagination. The first activity was drawing the imagined end of the story from the
picture book “The Power of Henry’s Imagination”. The second activity was painting an unusual
situation prompted by a short motivation. The third activity was spatial-plastic modeling of an
unusual machine. Activities were carried out in the Cvrčak kindergarten in Čakovec in groups of
children ages six to seven. Children were given the opportunity to freely and creatively express
themselves in art activities prompted by imagination. Children had the opportunity to express their
feelings, experiences and knowledge by drawing, painting and building.

• Keywords: dječje likovno izražavanje; mašta; razvoj dječje kreativnosti; dječja igra; likovne aktivnosti u vrtiću
• Keywords (english): children's artistic expression; imagination; development of children’s creativity; children’s play; art activities in preschool
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:322620
• Study programme: Title: Undergraduate University Study of Early and Preschool Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) odgojitelj/odgojiteljica djece rane i preškolske dobi (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) odgojitelj/odgojiteljica djece rane i preškolske dobi)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-12-14 11:39:52