Studija slučaja: Naučena bespomoćnost učenika drugog razreda

master's thesis

• Title (english): Case Study: Learned helplessness in students of second grade primary school
• Author: Silvia Gajšak
• Mentor: Lana Jurčec (mentor)
• Committee member: Staša Kukulj (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lana Jurčec (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marina Đuranović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Psychology; School Psychology and the Psychology of Education

Abstract

U radu se govori o optimizmu i pesimizmu, naučenoj bespomoćnosti i psihološkoj otpornosti. Navedeni koncepti su međusobno povezani. Pozitivan atribucijski stil a time i optimizam su podloga psihološkoj otpornosti, dok negativan atribucijski stil i pesimizam narušavaju njegov razvoj. Krajnji oblik pesimizma je naučena bespomoćnost što može dovesti do narušavanja mentalnog zdravlja učenika. Optimizam i konstruktivne strategije rješavanja problema mogu doprinijeti psihološkoj otpornosti učenika, a time i mentalnom zdravlju. Provedeno je kvalitativno istraživanje u drugom razredu jedne osnovne škole. Ispitivali su se izvori optimizma i pesimizma i njihove uobičajene strategije rješavanja vlastitih problema, zadanih problema i kada probleme rješava treća osoba. Najčešći osobni problemi koje učenici navode su vezani uz obitelj i školu. Rezultati su pokazali da najčešći izvori optimizma kod učenika su obiteljski odnosi, a pesimizma sukobi unutar obitelji. Najčešća strategija rješavanja osobnih problema je emocionalna reakcija, dok kod zadanih problema i problema kojih rješava treća osoba (akter) su strategije fokusirane na rješavanja problema. Navedeni rezultati upućuju na mogućnosti, ali i na potrebu učenju različitih strategija rješavanja problema i razvijaju optimizam. Pokazalo se da je kroz priču sa zadanim problemom učenici koriste više različitih strategija rješavanja te se pokazalo kao dobar način razvijanja sposobnosti rješavanja problema. Na kraju je dan osvrt na postojeće programe za razvoj optimizma i psihološke otpornosti koji bi trebali biti implementirani u obaveznu nastavu.

Abstract (english)

This thesis deals with optimism and pessimism, learned helplessness and psychological resistance. Positive attribution style and optimisim are the basis of psychological resistance, while negative attribution style and pessimisim harm its development. The final form of pessimism is learned helplessness which can ruin the mental wellbeing of a student. Optimism and constructive problem-solving strategies can further develop psychological resistance in students, as well as their mental health. Qualitative research was conducted in the second grade of an elementary school. The sources of optimism and pessimism as well as problem-solving strategies of their own problems, tasked problem and the problem that a third person party would solve, were tested. The most common personal problem that students mention are tied to family issues and school. Results indicate that the most common source of optimism for students are family relationships and for pessimism, it is conflicts within the family. The most common problemsolving strategy for their own problems is an emotional reaction, however, with tasked problems and problems solved by a third party (protagonist) it is strategies focused on problem-solving. The results show that there is a possibility, as well as a need for learning different problemsolving strategies and how to develop optimism. When students were given a problem through a story, they were more likely to use different problem-solving strategies, which makes this a good way of teaching problem-solving skills. In the end, a reflection is given on the existing programs for optimism and psychology resistance development that should be implemented in mandatory schooling

• Keywords: optimizam; pesimizam; naučena bespomoćnost; strategije rješavanja problema; psihološka otpornost
• Keywords (english): optimism; pessimism; learned helplessness; problem-solving strategies; psychological resistance
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:055631
• Study programme: Title: Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study of Primary Teacher Education and Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study for Primary Teacher Education with English and German Language; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja (magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-10-07 11:27:36