Tehnike prostorno-plastičkog oblikovanja u primarnom obrazovanju

master's thesis

• Title (english): Sculpting Techniques in Primary Education
• Author: Morena Grudenić
• Mentor: Ivana Gagić Kičinbači (mentor)
• Committee member: Danijel Žabčić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Luka Petrač (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Gagić Kičinbači (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; (Chair of Arts); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: FIELD OF ART; Fine Arts; Sculpture
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Pedagogy

Abstract

Kiparske tehnike u osnovnoj se školi nazivaju tehnikama prostorno-plastičkog oblikovanja. Tehnike prostorno-plastičkog oblikovanja su glina, glinamol, plastelin, gips, bronca, drvo, kamen, žica, lim, aluminijska i bakrena folija, papir-plastika i didaktički neoblikovani materijali. One omogućavaju učenicima izražavanje modeliranjem i građenjem u različitim materijalima. Tehnike prostorno-plastičkog oblikovanja najčešće korištene u primarnom obrazovanju su glina, glinamol, plastelin, papir-plastika, aluminijska folija, žica i didaktički neoblikovani materijali. Rad s navedenim tehnikama usmjeren je na modeliranje, kombiniranje, variranje i razlaganje odnosa volumena i prostora, što razvija vizualno i taktilno opažanje, oblikovno-prostorno mišljenje, ali i finu motoriku šake. Oblikovanje i građenje navedenim tehnikama omogućuje učeniku da doživi konkretnost volumena nasuprot iluziji volumena u području crtanja i slikanja.
Cilj istraživanja bio je istražiti uspješnost upotrebe tehnika prostorno-plastičkog oblikovanja u likovnom izražavanju učenika nižih razreda osnovne škole. Uzorak ispitanika je 35 učenika trećeg i četvrtog razreda Salezijanske osnovne škole u Zagrebu. U trećem je razredu održan jedan nastavni sat, a u četvrtom dva nastavna sata. Odabrane su tehnike: aluminijska folija, žica i glina. Motiv je za svaku tehniku bio drugačiji. Učenici su se s tehnikom žice i aluminijske folije susreli prvi put. Određene su tri kategorije uspješnosti: uspješan rad, prosječan rad i neuspješan rad. Kategorizacija rezultata ostvarena je na osnovi unaprijed određenih elemenata vrednovanja odgovarajućih odabranoj tehnici. Istraživanje je pokazalo da je najmanje 16 % učenika uspješno upotrijebilo zadanu tehniku. Učenici su bili uspješniji u radu s novim tehnikama nego u radu s glinom s kojom se susreću od prvog razreda. Upoznavanje s novom tehnikom moglo je pridonijeti predanosti i motiviranosti učenika za rad.

Abstract (english)

Sculptural processes in primary school are called plastic arts. Techniques of the plastic arts are clay, modelling paste, modelling clay, plaster, bronze, wood, stone, wire, sheet metal, aluminium and copper foil, plastic-coated paper and didactically unformed materials. They allow students to express themselves by modelling and building in a variety of materials. The techniques most commonly used in plastic arts in primary education are clay, modelling paste, modelling clay, plastic-coated paper, aluminium foil, wire and didactically unformed materials. Work with the aforementioned materials is focused on modeling, combining, varying and disassembling to shape the relationship between volume and space. This develops visual and tactile perceptions, understanding of form and space, and fine motor skills of the hand. Designing and constructing with these techniques enables the student to experience tangible volume as opposed to the illusion of volume, as is the case in the fields of drawing and painting.
The aim of the research was to investigate the success of using techniques of the plastic arts in the visual creative expression of primary school students. The sample consisted of 35 participants, students from the third and fourth grade of Salesian Elementary School in Zagreb. One lesson was held in the third grade and two lessons were held in the fourth grade. The selected techniques were: aluminium foil, wire and clay. The theme for each technique was different. The students encountered the technique of using wire and aluminium foil for the first time. Three categories of success were defined: successful work, average work and unsuccessful work. The categorization of results was achieved on the basis of predetermined evaluation elements appropriate to the chosen technique. The research shows that at least 16% of students successfully used the set technique. The participants were more successful working with new techniques than they were working with clay, which they encounter in the first grade. Learning about a new technique could have contributed to the students' dedication and motivation to work.

• Keywords: tehnike prostorno-plastičkog oblikovanja; kiparske tehnike; likovna kultura; primarno obrazovanje
• Keywords (english): plastic arts; sculpting techniques; visual arts education; primary school
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:151206
• Study programme: Title: Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study of Primary Teacher Education and Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study for Primary Teacher Education with English and German Language; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja (magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-12-07 12:22:38