Utjecaj okoline i nasljeđa na razvoj čovjeka kroz prikaz fenomena feralne djece

master's thesis

• Title (english): The influence of environment and heredity on human development through the presentation of the phenomenon of feral children
• Author: Mirja Karla Šuljak
• Mentor: Siniša Opić (mentor)
• Committee member: Nevenka Maras (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Siniša Opić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Borna Nemet (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-06-23, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Pedagogy

Abstract

Ovaj rad se bavi temom feralne djece koja su odrastala bez doticaja s ljudskom okolinom. Proučavanjem relevantne literature i dosadašnjih istraživanja nastoji se ukazati na najznačajnije slučajeve takve djece, te iznijeti povijesni prikaz raznih teza i pristupa ovoj temi. Cilj ovog rada je kroz prikaz slučajeva feralne djece istaknuti važnost odgoja i poticajnog okruženja za djetetov cjeloviti razvoj. Poseban naglasak stavljen je na razvoj govora, te nužnost stimuliranja svih djetetovih osjetila već od najranije dobi. Veliki interes koji su ovi slučajevi izazivali kroz povijest bio je najčešće vezan uz pokušaj filozofa, a kasnije i drugih znanstvenika, da spoznaju što zapravo čini bit čovjeka i razlikuje ga od drugih živih bića. Pritom se pojavljuju različite teze o važnosti utjecaja društva i socijalizacije na čovjekov razvoj, od nativističke sumnje u moć odgoja do empirističkog isticanja svemoći odgoja. Suvremeni pogled na ovo pitanje naglašava važnost međudjelovanja nasljednih i okolinskih čimbenika. Iako su neki od slučajeva divlje djece koji se pojavljuju kroz povijest vrlo upitni i prožeti mitovima, brojni znanstvenici ipak su se složili da su mnogi od njih vjerodostojni. Upravo nam takvi slučajevi feralne djece pružaju dodatnu priliku za proučavanjem onih ljudskih karakteristika koje se mogu razvijati i ostvariti u svom punom potencijalu samo uz odgovarajuće poticaje iz socijalne okoline. Prilikom uvida u ove slučajeve poseban naglasak se stavlja na govorno – jezični razvoj, propitujući pritom tezu o postojanju kritičnog perioda odnosno osjetljivog razdoblja za usvajanje jezika. Ističe se također i značaj kojeg su pojedini slučajevi imali, utječući tako na razvoj svijesti o važnosti okolinskih čimbenika, kao i individualnog pristupa u odgoju i obrazovanju djece.

Abstract (english)

This paper deals with the topic of feral children who grew up without contact with the human environment. By studying the relevant literature and previous research, we try to point out the most significant cases of such children and present a historical overview of various theses and approaches to this topic. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of education and a stimulating environment for the child's overall development, through the presentation of cases of feral children. Special emphasis is placed on the development of speech, and the need to stimulate all the child's senses from an early age. The great interest that these cases have aroused throughout history has most often been related to the attempt of philosophers, but also other scientists, to understand what actually constitutes the essence of man and distinguishes him from other living beings. There are various theses about the importance of the influence of society and socialization on human development, from the nativist doubt in the power of education to the empirical emphasis on the omnipotence of education. A contemporary view of this issue emphasizes the importance of the interaction of hereditary and environmental factors. Although some of the cases of wild children that appear throughout history are highly questionable and imbued with myths, many scientists have nevertheless agreed that many of them are credible. It is precisely such cases of feral children that give us an additional opportunity to study those human characteristics that can be developed and realized to their full potential only with appropriate incentives from the social environment. When inspecting these cases, special emphasis is placed on language development, questioning the thesis of the existence of a critical or sensitive period for language acquisition. The importance of individual cases is also emphasized, thus influencing the development of awareness of the importance of environmental factors, as well as the individual approach to education.

• Keywords: feralna djeca; divlja djeca; odnos nasljeđa i odgoja; utjecaj okoline na razvoj čovjeka; kritično razdoblje za usvajanje jezika
• Keywords (english): feral children; wild children; relationship between nature and nurture; influence of environment on human development; critical period for language acquisition
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:501483
• Study programme: Title: Graduate University Study of Early and Preschool Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja (magistar/magistra ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2021-02-17 11:04:16