Usporedba didaktičkih obilježja Montessori i Waldorfske škole

master's thesis

• Title (english): Comparison Of Didactic Features Of Montessori And Waldorf School
• Author: Marko Balala
• Mentor: Tomislav Topolovčan (mentor)
• Committee member: Goran Lapat (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Šlezak (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Topolovčan (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Pedagogy; Didactics

Abstract

Alternativni načini obrazovanja javili su se još u 18. stoljeću u želji da se djecu odgaja u slobodi
kroz rad i igru. Čak i u tim „davnim“ vremenima roditelji, nastavnici, ali i sami učenici su željeli
drugačiju pedagogiju. Pedagogiju koja je okrenuta djetetu, odnosno pedagogiju u čijem je
središtu dijete ili učenik. Alternativne škole pristupaju pojedincu, ali i odgovaraju na njegove
potrebe u odgoju i obrazovanju.
Maria Montessori (1870.-1952.) bila je talijanska liječnica i pedagoginja. U razdoblju od 1899.-
1902. godine radila je u učiteljskoj školi za djecu s teškoćama u razvoju. Organizirala je odgoj
djece od treće do šeste godine u siromašnom naselju San Lorenzo. M. Montessori je osnovna
pedagoška ideja bila stvarati uvjete za samorad i samoodgoj djece.
Rudolf Steiner je svoju pedagošku ideju zasnovao na teozofiji, odnosno antropozofiji. Osnivač
je znamenite Waldorfske škole (1919.) U diplomskome radu će se izvoditi komparativna
analiza pedagoških ideja i praksa te isto tako didaktička obilježja odgoja M. Montessori i R.
Steinera.
Svoje shvaćanja odgoja, djeteta i škole M. Montessori temelji na ideji kršćanstva,
pedagogijskoj, psihologijskoj i medicinskoj znanosti. Za što bolje realiziranje Montessori
pedagogije, Maria Montessori navela je neka načela kojih se odgajatelji i učitelji trebaju držati.

Abstract (english)

Alternative forms of education appeared as early as the 18th century as a result of the desire for
children to be raised freely through work and play. Even in those “ancient” times, parents and
teachers, but also students themselves, wanted a different type of pedagogy: a pedagogy that is
child-centred, i.e. a pedagogy centred on the child or the student. Alternative schools focus on
individuals, but also meet their needs when it comes to their education.
Maria Montessori (1870-1952) was an Italian physician and educator. From 1899 to 1902 she
worked in a school which trained teachers to educate mentally disabled children. She also
organized the upbringing of children age three to six in the poor San Lorenzo district in Italy.
Maria Montessori’s basic pedagogical idea was to create conditions for the self-education and
self-discipline of children.
Rudolf Steiner based his pedagogical idea on theosophy, i.e. anthroposophy. He was the
founder of the famous Waldorf School (1919). This paper focuses on the comparative analysis
of pedagogical ideas and practices, as well as didactic features of Maria Montessori’s and
Rudolf Steiner’s education forms.
Maria Montessori bases her understanding of education, children and school on the idea of
Christianity, as well as pedagogy, psychology and medical science. For her pedagogy to be
implemented in the best possible manner, Maria Montessori listed certain principles for
educators and teachers to adhere to.

• Keywords: alternativne škole; Maria Montessori; Rudolf Steiner; Pedagoška načela
• Keywords (english): alternative schools; Maria Montessori; Rudolf Steiner; pedagogy principles
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:104450
• Study programme: Title: Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study of Primary Teacher Education and Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study for Primary Teacher Education with English and German Language; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja (magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-12-10 13:21:00