Aksiološki principi odgojno-obrazovnog sustava Marije Montessori u primarnom obrazovanju

master's thesis

• Title (english): Axiological Principles Of Maria Montessori's Educational System In The Primary Education
• Author: Dijana Majcen
• Mentor: Draženko Tomić (mentor)
• Committee member: Đuro Blažeka (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vladimir Legac (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Draženko Tomić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-07-08, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Pedagogy

Abstract

Svrha ovog diplomskog rada je opisati vrijednosne, odnosno aksiološke,
principe odgojno-obrazovnog sustava Marije Montessori u primarnom obrazovanju.
Pri tom se promatraju njezine odgojne metode koje su prisutne u primarnom
obrazovanju bez obzira radi li se o Montessori školama ili državnim školama koje su
preuzele dio odgojno-obrazovnog sustava Marije Montessori, prve talijanske
liječnice i osnivačice „Dječje kuće“. Montessori škole su prisutne izvan Republike
Hrvatske, a u Republici Hrvatskoj je osnovana Osnovna Montessori škola u Zagrebu.
Postoji i posebno obrazovanje za Montessori učitelje.
Značajan je Montessori didaktički materijal koji je prilagođen nastavnom
procesu kako ga je sama zamislila. Radila je i sa slaboumnom djecom te ih
uključivala u odgojno-obrazovni rad. Maria Montessori je formulirala svoje načelo
ovako „Pomozi mi da to učinim sam!“ Njezina periodizacija razvoja djeteta temelji
se na dobi djeteta. Kroz svako razdoblje su opisane i različite vrste djetetovog
razvoja u određenom razdoblju.
Za ovaj diplomski rad najznačajnije je drugo razdoblje iz razloga jer su tada
djeca prisutna u razrednoj nastavi. Učenici na kojima je bila primijenjena njezina
pedagogija pokazali su se skloniji individualnom radu i samostalnom zaključivanju o
pojedinim nastavnim sadržajima. Zbog primijenjenog didaktičkog materijala, učenici
su imali veću maštovitost i slobodu izbora aktivnosti tijekom nastavnog procesa.
Vrijednosni principi odgojno-obrazovnog sustava Marije Montessori ovdje su
obrazloženi kroz nastavne predmete u razrednoj nastavi. Ujedno su navedeni i neki
razlozi za prihvaćanje Montessori rješenja u državnim školama od strane roditelja,
učenika i učitelja ali i ukazano na neke nedostatke njezinog odgojno-obrazovnog
sustava u primarnom obrazovanju koji se tiču formalizma, negativnog stava prema
fantaziji i fetišizmu.

Abstract (english)

The purpose of this thesis is to describe the axiological principles of Maria
Montessori's educational system in primary education. The emphasis will be on her
educational methods that are present in primary education, whether they are
Montessori schools or public schools that have taken over part of Maria Montessori's
educational system. She is the first Italian female doctor and founder of the
Children's Home in Italy. Her didactic material is very important in the teaching
process because it represents the educational system of Maria Montessori. She also
worked with low-income children and included them in educational work. Maria
Montessori most advocated her principle of "Help Me Do It Alone". Her division of
the child's development is by age, so her periods have sub-periods. Throughout each
period, different types of child development in a particular period are described. The
second period is most important for the topic of diploma work, because then the
children are present in the classroom. The students to whom her pedagogy was
applied were more inclined to work individually and make independent decisions
about certain teaching contents. Due to her didactic material, students had greater
imagination and freedom to choose activities during the teaching process. Montessori
schools are present outside the Republic of Croatia, and the Republic of Croatia
established a Montessori Primary School in Zagreb. There is also special education
for Montessori teachers. Each axiological principle of Maria Montessori's
educational system will be explained through classroom teaching. At the same time,
the reasons for accepting the Montessori solution in public schools by parents,
students and teachers will be outlined, as well as the objections to its primary
education system. Most complaints were about formalism, a negative attitude to
fantasy and fetishism.

• Keywords: aksiološki principi; odgojno-obrazovni sustav; Maria Montessori; primarno obrazovanje
• Keywords (english): axilogical principles; educational system; Maria Montessori; primary education
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:683589
• Study programme: Title: Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study of Primary Teacher Education and Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study for Primary Teacher Education with English and German Language; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja (magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-12-13 11:03:01