Down sindrom kod djece predškolske dobi

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Children of Preschool Age with Down Syndrome
• Author: Sara Smoljanović
• Mentor: Marina Đuranović (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-03-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Pedagogy; Specific Pedagogy

Abstract

Down sindrom je najčešći genetski poremećaj koji nastaje zbog viška jednog ili više kromosoma unutar svake ljudske stanice. Down sindrom je poremećaj koji sprječava normalan fizički i mentalni razvoj djeteta, a zahvaća sve rasne skupine i može se javiti u bilo kojoj obitelji, bez obzira na zdravlje roditelja, ekonomsku situaciju ili način života.
Djeca s Down sindromom zaostaju u određenim područjima razvoja, tako da je rana intervencija vrlo bitna. Cilj rane intervencije je omogućiti djetetu da razvije svoje sposobnosti i dobije iskustva koja su mu potrebna, i to tako da se djetetova okolina uredi tako da potiče cjelokupan djetetov razvoj, budi njegovo zanimanje i pažnju te ga potiče da što aktivnije sudjeluje u interakciji s okolinom.
Odnos društva prema osobama s Down sindromom kroz povijest uglavnom se svodio na ignoriranje njihovih potreba i segregaciju. Odvajanje osoba s teškoćama u razvoju nije davalo nikakve rezultate, jer takve osobe nisu bile socijalizirane, a uz to je postojao i etički problem segregacije. Početkom 20. stoljeća javlja se koncept pod nazivom „integracija“, a podrazumijevala je uključivanje djece u postojeći sistem obrazovanja, bez prilagođavanja njihovim posebnim potrebama. Do danas formirano je inkluzivno obrazovanje, zasnovano na uvjerenju da svaki čovjek ima jednaka prava i mogućnosti bez obzira na individualne razlike, odnosno gdje je svaka osoba poštovana i prihvaćena kao ljudsko biće.
Ne možemo biti zadovoljni s integracijom i prihvaćenošću djece s DS-om kakvo je u današnjem društvu. U budućnosti bi moglo dolaziti do novih spoznaja vezanih za napredak djece s DS-om, pa bi mogli biti formirani novi i bolji pedagoški modeli obrazovanja kako bi djeca s teškoćama u razvoju mogla razvijati sve svoje sposobnosti i doprinositi zajednici. Zato je glavni cilj ovog završnog rada informirati i senzibilizirati javnost o važnosti davanja potpore djeci s Down sindromom i njihovim obiteljima.

Abstract (english)

Down syndrome is the most common genetic disorder. It is caused due the excess of one or more chromosomes within each human cell. Down syndrome is a disorder that surpresses normal physical and mental development of these children and affects all racial groups. It can also appear in any family, no matter of the health of the parents, economic situation or lifestyle.
Children with Down syndrome are slower in learning certain development skills, that confirms the fact that early intervention is the most important. The main goal of an early intervention is to allow these children to develop their skills and gain that experience which they need. Methods used should include his environment being arranged to encourage the complete development and stimulation of his or her interest and attention. This contributes in a way that this child becomes more proactive in the interaction with the environment around him.
Society's attitude towards people with Down syndrome through history was mostly ignorance of their needs and segregating them from society's everyday life. Separating people with disabilities did not yield any results. The ethical issue of segregation still remains. In the early 20th century, there was a concept called "integration", which implied the involvement of these children in the existing education system, but without adjustments to their specific needs. To this date we have an inclusive education form exists, based on the belief that every person has equal rights and opportunities regardless of individual differences, and where each person is respected and accepted as a human being.
We can not be satisfied with the integration and acceptance of children with Down syndrome in a way it has been practiced in our society thru history and in same way as it is today. In the future, it might come to new insights regarding the progress of children with DS, so they could form new and better pedagogical models of education to children with disabilities and that they will develop all their abilities and contribute to the community. Therefore, the main objective of this final work is to inform and sensitize the public about the importance of supporting children with Down syndrome and also to give a help and support to their families.

• Keywords: Down sindrom; djeca s teškoćama u razvoju; inkluzivno obrazovanje; društvena integracija; dječji vrtić
• Keywords (english): Down syndrome; children with disabilities; inclusive education; social intergration; nursery school
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:877263
• Study programme: Title: Undergraduate University Study of Early and Preschool Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-01-16 11:30:08