Title Prehrana dojenčeta Title (english) Infant nutrition Author Paula Piskać Mentor Anita Pavičić Bošnjak (mentor)Committee member Milan Stanojević (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Anita Pavičić Bošnjak (član povjerenstva)Committee member Maša Malenica (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2021-06-29, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Scientific / art field, BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES Abstract Hrana je esencijalna životna potreba svakog živućeg bića. Njena osnovna uloga je omogućavanje zbivanja svih nužnih životnih aktivnosti te optimalan rast i razvoj. Radi dinamičnog rasta i razvoja djeteta u dojenačkoj dobi, prehrana čini osobito važnu kariku u ovom razdoblju djetetova života. Budući da prehrana igra vrlo važnu ulogu od samih početaka njen se utjecaj reflektira i na kasnija životna razdoblja. Tijekom povijest praksa hranjenja djece uključivala je; dojenje od strane biološke majke, dojenje od strane dojilja te hranjenje pomoću bočica i formula. Osnovne komponente dojenačke prehrane jesu mliječna prehrana i dohrana. Svaka namirnica koju dijete konzumira izuzev mlijeka je nadohrana, tj. dohrana. U situacijama kada dijete uz dojenje konzumira i umjetnu prehranu, tada se radi o mješovitoj mliječnoj prehrani. Majčino mlijeko predstavlja najprirodniji oblik prehrane dojenčeta te kao takav ima prednost nad ostalim oblicima prehrane. Ono podmiruje specifične potrebe djeteta te predstavlja preduvjet za njegov optimalan rast i razvoj. Ima prehrambenu, psihosocijalnu, praktičnu, ekonomsku i obrambenu prednost te funkciju. Ukoliko majka ne želi ili nije u mogućnosti dojiti, alternativa postaje mliječna formula, odnosno; tvornički mliječni pripravak. S djetetovim rastom, potrebe za energijom rastu. Nakon završenih šest mjeseci života, majčino mlijeko više ne zadovoljava sve nutritivne potrebe djeteta, pa je to optimalno vrijeme za uvođenje dohrane drugim namirnicama. U specifičnim situacijama poput celijakije, nutritivne alergije te probavnih teškoća kod djeteta, dojenče zahtjeva prilagođenu, specifičnu prehranu. Jedne od najčešćih probavnih teškoća su bljuckanje te zatvor stolice. Ovim radom prikazane su tri osnovne vrste prehrane djeteta: mliječna prehrana, dohrana te dodaci minerala i vitaminima.
Abstract (english) Food is an essential life need of every living being. Its basic role is to enable the occurrence of all necessary life activities and optimal growth and development. Due to the dynamic growth and development of the infant, nutrition is a particularly important link in this period of a child's life. Since nutrition has played a very important role from the very beginning, its influence is reflected in later life. Throughout history the practice of feeding children has included; breastfeeding by the biological mother, breastfeeding by the nursing mother, and bottle and formula feeding. The basic components of an infant's diet are dairy nutrition and supplementation. Every food that a child consumes except milk is a supplement. In situations when a child consumes artificial milk in addition to breastfeeding, it is a mixed milk diet. Breast milk is the most natural form of infant nutrition and as such has an advantage over other forms of nutrition. It meets the specific needs of the child and is a prerequisite for his optimal growth and development. It has nutritional, psychosocial, practical, economic and immunological advantage and function. If the mother does not want or is not able to breastfeed, the alternative becomes a milk formula, that is, a factory milk preparation. As a child grows, his energy needs also increase. At the end of the child's sixth month, breast milk no longer meets the need for energy and protein, and then a complementary diet is a substitute. The period between the fifth and sixth month of a child's life is the optimal time for the introduction of supplementary feeding, taking into account the child's body weight. In specific situations such as celiac disease, nutritional allergies and digestive problems in children, the infant requires a customized, specific diet. One of the most common digestive problems is vomiting and constipation. This paper presents three basic types of child nutrition: milk feeding, complementary feeding and vitamin and mineral supplements.
Keywords
prehrana dojenčeta
dojenje
majčino mlijeko
nadohrana
Keywords (english)
infant nutrition
breastfeeding
mothers milk
supplementation
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:147:952158 Study programme Title: Undergraduate University Study of Early and Preschool Education Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2022-07-13 09:56:46
