Montessori pedagogija i odgoj djece s posebnim odgojno-obrazovnim potrebama

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Montessori method and upbringing of children with special educational needs
• Author: Sara Barišić
• Mentor: Adrijana Višnjić-Jevtić (mentor)
• Committee member: Edita Rogulj (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Golik (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Adrijana Višnjić-Jevtić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-02-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Pedagogy
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Pedagogy; Specific Pedagogy

Abstract

Maria Montessori je svoje prvo djelo o Montessori pedagogiji objavila 1912. , nakon čega
popularnost ove alternativne pedagoške škole samo raste.
U modernom odgoju inkluzija djece s posebnim odgojno-obrazovnim potrebama poprima sve veći značaj. „Posebne odgojno-obrazovne potrebe“ podrazumijevaju teškoće u razvoju i darovitost. Teškoće u razvoju u sustavu ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja podrazumijevaju: oštećenje vida, teškoće jezične, govorne i glasovne komunikacije, intelektualne teškoće, spektar autizma, motorički poremećaji i kroničke bolesti, specifične
teškoće učenja te roblemi u ponašanju i emocionalni problemi..
Maria Montessori je smatrala kako se dijete s teškoćama može uključiti u mješovitu grupu jer djeca ne primjećuju tuđe sposobnosti i teškoće, a takvo raznoliko okruženje daje potencijal za razvoj djece neovisno o njihovim sposobnostima.
Misao „pomozi da napravim sam“ postaje vodilja Montessori pedagogije.
Maria Montessori prikazuje fenomen usmjeravanja pozornosti u kojem je dijete u potpunosti zaokupljeno onime što radi da se javlja „normalizacija ponašanja“ u kojem je dijete lišeno svojih teškoća. Također ističe kako dobronamjerna pomoć odraslih ponajviše u radu s djecom s teškoćama u razvoju, može otežati napredovanje djeteta. Ističe važnost samostalnosti i organiziranosti što pogoduje djeci s teškoćama u razvoju, a pripremljena okolina s atraktivnim
didaktičkim materijalom pozitivno utječe na darovitost.
Cilj ovoga rada je pokazati benefite prakticiranja Montessori pedagogije s elementima Montessori zdravstvene pedagogije i Montessori terapije u radu s djecom s posebnim odgojnoobrazovnim potrebama.

Abstract (english)

Maria Montessori's first book about Montessori method was published in 1912. Since then, popularity of this alternative method is growing.
Inclusion of the children with special educational needs is greatly emphasised in preschool education nowadays. Special educational needs as an umbrella term include learning difficulties and disabilities as well as giftedness. There is a variety of difficulties that can be found among children in preschool education: vision impairment, speech, langugage and communication difficulties, intellectual difficulties, authism spectrum disorders, chronic and motoric disorders, thinking, understanding and learning disabilities, emotional and behavioral difficulties. Since the beginning of Montessori method, she has been emphasising the importance of including children with special educational needs in Montessori groups. She stated that children with difficulties and disabilities can be easily included in variegated groups because children do not recognize abilities and disabilities of other children. That kind of diverse environment provides special potential for development of children independently of their abilities. Guiding thought, which is „help me to do it myself“, gets a greater meaning.
Maria Montessori shows the phenomenom of directing the attention in which children are completely preoccupied by their activities, which leads to normalising behavior. In that state, children are deprived of their disabilities and disorders.
Maria Montessori highlights that the benevolent help, which is often practiced by adults, especially when working with children with disabilities and disorders, can only linger child's progress. She also emphasises independence and organization, which brings benefits to children with disabilities and disorders. Her prepared environment with attractive didactics which encourages the growth of every child has positive effect on giftedness.
The goal of this paper is to show benefits of practicing the Montessori method with elements of Montessori health method and Montessori therapy in work with children with special educational needs.

• Keywords: Montessori pedagogija; posebne odgojno-obrazovne potrebe; djeca s teškoćama u razvoju; darovita djeca
• Keywords (english): Montessori method; children with special educational needs; children with dissabilities and disorders; gifted children
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:974681
• Study programme: Title: Undergraduate University Study of Early and Preschool Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica odgojitelj/odgojiteljica djece (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica odgojitelj/odgojiteljica djece)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-07-22 10:49:39