Boravak djeteta u prirodi u funkciji regulacije autonomnog živčanog sustava

master's thesis

• Title (english): The child's being in nature in the function of the autonomic nervous system regulation
• Author: Marijana Tumpić
• Mentor: Adrijana Višnjić-Jevtić (mentor)
• Committee member: Edita Rogulj (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Golik (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Adrijana Višnjić-Jevtić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-07-05, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Psychology; Developmental Psychology

Abstract

Autonomni živčani sustav dio je čovjekova organizma koji je odgovoran za njegovo preživljavanje. Djelujući putem osjetila koja informaciju izvana šalju mozgu, on čini da se prorađenu informaciju šalje u druge dijelove tijela. Autonomni živčani sustav može djelovati i neovisno o informaciji koju je mozak slao dalje u tijelo, odnosno potiče reakciju organizma i prije nego što je osoba postane svjesna. Djeca, posebice ona predškolske dobi u svojim su oblikovnim godinama zbog čega su njihove reakcije uglavnom instiktivne, a često i naučene. Naučene reakcije dijete je usvojilo u svojoj primarnoj i sekundarnoj okolini. U dječjim se vrtićima, ali i u obitelji djecu primarno poučava društveno prihvatljivom ponašanju te se orijentira na njihov cjelokupni razvoj. Različitim se aktivnostima razvijaju dječje vještine i sposobnosti. Sve ono čemu se djecu poučava ne mora biti u skladu s funkcioniranjem djetetova organizma, iako će se ono truditi da većinu vanjskih podražaja usvoji. Neuravnoteženost rada autonomnog živčanog sustava, to jest kronično stanje nesklada i uznemirenosti kod djece uzrok je kasnijih somatskih i psihosomatskih poremećaja. Čovjek nije samo društveno, već najprije biološko biće, stoga je njegov razvoj i djelovanje potrebno promatrati iz biološkog, a zatim i društvenog konteksta. Boravak djece u prirodi stimulira sva njihova osjetila i potiče njihovu integraciju. Čovjekova „biogramatika“ odgovara svježem zraku, prirodnim šumovima te različitim oblicima kretnje. Boraveći u njoj, čovjekov se organizam osjeća potaknutim, sigurnim i zadovoljnim. Njegovo se porijeklo očituje u prirodi. Među odgojiteljima/cama dječjih vrtića u Republici Hrvatskoj (n=316) proveden je online upitnik o procjeni važnosti boravka djece na svježem zraku te njihovim stavovima. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je boravak djece na otvorenom jednako važan boravku u zatvorenom prostoru te da je svjež zrak pogodan za razvoj različitih vještina.

Abstract (english)

The autonomic nervous system is the part of the human body that is responsible for its survival. By acting through the senses that send information from the outside to the brain, it makes the processed information be sent to other parts of the body. The autonomic nervous system can also act independently of the information that the brain sends further into the body. That is, it stimulates the body's reaction even before the person becomes aware of it. Children, especially preschoolers, are in their formative years, which is why their reactions are mostly instinctive and often learned. Learned reactions child adopted in his primary and secondary environment. In kindergartens, but also in the family, children are primarily taught socially acceptable behavior and are guided to their overall development. Through various activities, children's skills and abilities are developed. Everything that children are taught does not have to be in line with the functioning of the child's body, although he will try to absorb most of the external stimuli. Imbalance of the autonomic nervous system, i.e. a chronic state of disharmony and anxiety in children is the cause of later somatic and psychosomatic disorders. Man is not only a social being, but first a biological being, so his development and action must be observed from the biological and then the social context. Children being outdoors stimulates all their senses and encourages their integration. Man's "biogrammar" corresponds to fresh air, natural noises and various forms of movement. By staying in nature, the human body feels stimulated, safe and satisfied. Its origin is manifested in nature. An online questionnaire was conducted among kindergarten teachers in the Republic of Croatia (n = 316) to assess the importance of children being outdoors and their attitudes on it. The results of the research showed that children being outdoors is equally important to being indoors and that fresh air is suitable for the development of various skills in children.

• Keywords: boravak u prirodi; podražaj; autonomni živčani sustav; „biogramatika“
• Keywords (english): being outdoors; stimuli; autonomic nervous system; "biogrammar"
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:915492
• Study programme: Title: Graduate University Study of Early and Preschool Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja (magistar/magistra ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-07-25 09:15:33