Title Problemi u ponašanju djece predškolske dobi Title (english) Behavior problems in preschool children Author Nataša Glojnarić Mentor Marina Đuranović (mentor)Committee member Marina Đuranović (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Irena Klasnić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Zdenko Braičić (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2022-09-19, Croatia Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Abstract Brojne znanstvene discipline proučavaju dječji rast i razvoj od najranije dobi što doprinosi pravovremenom uočavanju odstupanja u razvoju predškolske djece. Takva se odstupanja nazivaju problemima u ponašanju, a ona mogu prerasti i u različite poremećaje. Svaki je problem u ponašanja u djetinjstvu prediktor za postojanje psihičkih ili adaptivnih problema u odrasloj dobi. Problemi u ponašanju mogu biti aktivni (eksternalizirani) i pasivni (internalizirani). Najčešći oblici problema u ponašanju djece su prkos i suprotstavljanje, agresija, laganje i poremećaji pažnje. Očituju se na različite načine, a rezultat su niza bihevioralnih i emocionalnih problema. Da bi se oni mogli prepoznati, prvi korak je definiranje uobičajenih oblika ponašanja koji se pojavljuju kod većine djece određenog uzrasta.
Uzroci nastanka problema u ponašanju mogu biti biološki i socijalno uvjetovani. Otkriveno je da genetski faktori imaju značajan utjecaj na pojavu psihopatologije, ali najveći utjecaj ima okolina. Djetetov se karakter i temperament razvijaju aktivnim i pasivnim učenjem iz okoline. Djeca će modeliranjem usvajati čak i one neprihvatljive oblike ponašanja što je početni znak pojave poteškoća u ponašanju. Da bi se problemi u ponašanju pravovremeno spriječili potrebna je pravovremena reakcija roditelja i odgojitelja, velika želja da se postigne promjena, ali i velika doza strpljenja i razumijevanja. Što se tiče dječjih vrtića i drugih ustanova u kojima borave predškolska djeca, važno je da u njima budu zaposlene kompetentne osobe koje će pravovremeno uočiti odstupanja u ponašanju, pravilno reagirati, upozoriti druge stručnjake i roditelje djeteta te prilagoditi svoj pristup dobrobiti djeteta s potencijalnim ili postojećim poteškoćama u ponašanju.
Abstract (english) Numerous scientific disciplines study children's growth and development from an early age, which contributes to the timely detection of deviations in the development of preschool children. Such deviations are called behavioral problems, and they can develop into various disorders. Any behavior problem in childhood is a predictor for the existence of psychological or adaptive problems in adulthood. Behavioral problems can be active (externalized) and passive (internalized). The most common forms of children's behavior problems are defiance and opposition, aggression, lying and attention disorders. They manifest themselves in different ways, and are the result of a series of behavioral and emotional problems. In order to be able to recognize them, the first step is to define the usual forms of behavior that appear in most children of a certain age.
The causes of behavior problems can be biologically and socially determined. It was discovered that genetic factors have a significant influence on the appearance of psychopathology, but the environment has the greatest influence. A child's character and temperament develop through active and passive learning from the environment. By modeling, children will adopt even those unacceptable forms of behavior, which is the initial sign of behavioral difficulties. In order to prevent behavioral problems in a timely manner, a timely reaction of parents and educators is required, a great desire to achieve change, but also a great deal of patience and understanding. As for kindergartens and other institutions where preschool children stay, it is important that they employ competent people who will promptly notice deviations in behavior, react properly, warn other experts and the child's parents, and adjust their approach to the well-being of children with potential or existing behavioral difficulties.
Keywords
problemi u ponašanju
predškolska djeca
eksternalizirani poremećaji u ponašanju
prevencija problema u ponašanju
Keywords (english)
behavioral disorders
preschool children
externalized behavioral disorders
prevention of behavioral disorders
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:147:734321 Study programme Title: Undergraduate University Study of Early and Preschool Education Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution Terms of use Created on 2022-12-02 12:01:30
