| Abstract | U teorijskom se dijelu ovoga rada čitatelju pokušava približiti pojam šablone, stereotipa te pojam kreativnosti, kao i njezini razvojni stupnjevi te faktori. Potrebno je znati na koje se sve načine ometa dječja likovna kreativnost kako bi ih se znalo izbjeći u radu s učenicima. Kako bi učenici slobodno stvarali originalne i kreativne oblike, a što manje koristili šablone i preuzimali tuđe ideje, iznimno je važno znati na koje se načine dječja kreativnost može potaknuti. Zbog toga su u ovome radu opisani neki načini poticanja i ometanja dječje likovne kreativnosti.
U empirijskom dijelu opisano je istraživanje čiji je cilj bio ispitati utjecaj postupka analize fotografija likovnog motiva na likovno izražavanje učenika razredne nastave u nastavnom predmetu Likovna kultura. Uzorak ispitanika je 164 učenika prvog, drugog, trećeg i četvrtog razreda Osnovne škole Augusta Šenoe u Zagrebu i Osnovne škole Vladimira Nazora u Virovitici od kojih 86 učenika pripada eksperimentalnoj skupini (OŠ Augusta Šenoe), a 78 učenika kontrolnoj skupini (OŠ Vladimira Nazora). Učenicima se u objema skupinama na isti način demonstrirao rad određenim likovnim materijalima te su na isti način objašnjeni likovni pojmovi koji su potom bili pokazani na reprodukcijama te u prirodi i društvu koja okružuje učenike. Najave zadataka u objema skupinama su glasile isto. Nastavni sati razlikovali su se u načinu uvođenja likovnog motiva u motivaciji. U eksperimentalnim skupinama održani su sati s postupkom analize fotografija, dok su u kontrolnim skupinama likovni motiv uvodio pomoću slikovnica, priče ili vođene fantazije. Nakon održanih sati u objema skupinama bodovao se stupanj kreativnosti učeničkih likovnih radova. Stupanj značajnosti razlike između eksperimentalne i kontrolne skupine statistički je utvrđen hi-kvadrat testom. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da postoji statistički značajna razlika između likovnih radova učenika s postupkom analize fotografija (ES) i bez postupka analize fotografija (KS) u motivaciji. Utvrdilo se kako upotreba postupka analize fotografija motiva u motivaciji pospješuje stupanj kreativnosti učeničkih radova. |
| Abstract (english) | In the theoretical part of this research, the listener ought to understand the principle of template, stereotypes, and notion of creativity, as well as the development stages and factors of creativity. There is a need to understand which are the reasons to cause pupils' art distractions, so there is a way to avoid all of the same when working with pupils. Thus, pupils are free to express their originality and method to create creative figures, not so much as usage of templates and others' ideas. It is necessary to understand how to impact and motivate pupils’ creativity. Due to this research, there is an explanation of how to encourage pupils and factors that negatively affect children's creativity.
In the empirical part of this research, there is a description whose goal was to question how to influence the procedure of analyzing photography art motifs on art expression done on pupils attending an art class in elementary school. The research was done over the sum of 164 pupils varying from first to fourth grade in Elementary school August Šenoa in Zagreb and Elementary school Vladimir Nazor in Virovitica to which 86 of the pupils belong to the experimental group (Elementary school August Šenoa), and the remaining 78 pupils belong to the control group (Elementary school Vladimir Nazor). In both groups, the pupils were demonstrated how to work with certain visual materials. In addition, they have explained artistic terminology that was later shown in reproduction, also in nature, and amongst the peers that surround the pupils. Both groups had the same explanation of what task will be done. The difference in lessons was how to implement artistic motifs to the pupils' motivation. In the experimental group the pupil's procedure on how to analyze photographs, while in the control group artistic motif is introduced throughout picture book, story, or leading fantasy. After lessons in both groups, there was a scoring system on creativity regarding pupils’ work. The degree of importance between the experimental and control group was determined using the Chi-square test. With this research, it has established that there is a significant difference between artwork done by the procedure of analyzing photos (ES) and without the procedure of analyzing photos in motivation. It has established how the procedure of analyzing the photo motifs in motivation significantly improves the degree of creativity in a pupil's work. |
