Stanje uhranjenosti djece i prevalencija

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Nutritional status of children and prevalence
• Author: Petra Legin
• Mentor: Marijana Hraski (mentor)
• Committee member: Marija Lorger (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mateja Kunješić Sušilović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marijana Hraski (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-05, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Kinesiology; Kinesiological Education

Abstract

Ovaj rad se temelji na utvrđivanju stanja uhranjenosti te važnosti zdrave i pravilne prehrane i svakodnevne tjelesne aktivnosti za djecu predškolske dobi. Cilj i svrha ovoga rada jest pokušati svijestiti problem koji je danas sve prisutniji kod ljudi, posebice djece. Zbog suvremenog načina prehrane, odnosno konzumiranja nezdrave hrane i nedovoljne tjelesne aktivnosti sve je brojnija pretilost kod djece koja je uzrok i moguća podloga za razvoj drugih bolesti. Zbog toga kako bi dječji rast i razvoj bio pravilniji, već od najranije dobi se potiče spoznaja o važnosti opskrbe što optimalnijih uvjeta za rast i razvoj te se stavlja naglasak na očuvanje zdravlja. Zato je važno provoditi antropološka mjerenja kako bismo mogli što bolje pratiti dječji rast i razvoj i prepoznati simptome bolesti ili poremećaja te pravovremeno reagirati na njih. Vrlo je važno već od najranijeg djetinjstva poticati i razvijati zdrave prehrambene navike kod djece kao i njihovu svakodnevnu tjelesnu aktivnost. U tome najvažniju ulogu imaju roditelji, odgojitelji, zdravstveni djelatnici i ostalo stručno osoblje predškolske ustanove.
U svrhu utvrđivanja stanja uhranjenosti, istraživanje je provedeno u dječjem vrtiću Križić-kružić u mjestu Križ. Istraživanje se provelo u dvije odgojne skupine, a sudjelovalo je 35 ispitanika (17 dječaka i 16 djevojčica). Za procjenu stanja uhranjenosti potrebni su podaci o dobi djece i njihova tjelesna težina i tjelesna visina, iz kojih je izračunat njihov indeks tjelesne mase (ITM) i njegov percentil (ITMper).
Rezultati provedenog istraživanja pokazuju kako 64% ispitanika od ukupnog uzorka (Br. 33) ima normalnu tjelesnu težinu, 9% je pothranjeno, 9% ima prekomjernu tjelesnu težinu, a 18% je pretilo. Iako rezultati prikazuju da veći postotak djece ima normalnu tjelesnu težinu, još uvijek postoji odstupanje od 36% djece koja su u stanju loše uhranjenosti. To je na ovoliko malom uzorku zabrinjavajuće. Zbog suvremenog načina života djeca konzumiraju nezdravu i nekvalitetnu hranu te nisu dovoljno uključena u tjelesne aktivnosti. To sve dovodi do razvoja nezdravih životnih navika koje će kasnije imati loš odraz na njihovo zdravlje u budućnosti.

Abstract (english)

This paper is based on determining the state of nutrition and the importance of healthy and proper nutrition and daily physical activity for preschool children. The aim and purpose of this paper is to try to raise awareness of a problem that is becoming more and more popular and present in people and children today. Due to today's diet, i.e. consumption of unhealthy food and insufficient physical activity, obesity is present in children, which causes and can be the basis for the development of other diseases. For this reason, in order for children's growth and development to be more regular, from an early age, the knowledge of the importance of providing children with the most optimal conditions for growth and development is encouraged and emphasis is placed on preserving health. That is why it is important to carry out anthropological measurements so that we can better monitor children's growth and development and recognize the symptoms of diseases or disorders and react to them in a timely manner. That is why it is very important from early childhood in children to encourage and develop healthy eating habits and engage in daily physical activity. Parents, educators, health professionals and other professional staff of the preschool institution play the most important role in this.
In order to determine the state of nutrition, the research was conducted in the kindergarten Križić-kružić in Križ. The study was conducted in two educational groups, and 33 participants (19 boys and 14 girls). To assess the nutritional status, data are needed on the age of children and their body weight and body height of the child from which their body mass index (BMI) and its percentile (BMI percentile) were calculated.
The results of the conducted research show that 64% of the respondents of the total sample (N33) belong to the category of normal body weight, 9% are in the category of malnourished then 9% in the category of overweight and 18% belong to the category of obese. We still observe significant deviations as 36% of children have poor nutritional status. It is concerning to have such a small sample size highlighting this issue. Due to the modern way of life, children consume unhealthy and poor-quality food and are not sufficiently engaged in physical activities. All of this leads to the development of unhealthy habits, which will have a negative impact on their health in the future.

• Keywords: indeks tjelesne mase; pretilost; tjelesna aktivnost
• Keywords (english): body mass index; obesity; physical activity
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:230683
• Study programme: Title: Undergraduate University Study of Early and Preschool Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica odgojitelj/odgojiteljica djece (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica odgojitelj/odgojiteljica djece)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-07-19 07:13:22