Spolne razlike u statusu uhranjenosti djece polaznika predškolske ustanove

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Gender differences in the nutritional status of preschool children
• Author: Patricija Mihalinec
• Mentor: Marijana Hraski (mentor)
• Committee member: Marija Lorger (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mateja Kunješić Sušilović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marijana Hraski (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-05, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Pedagogy; Early Childhood and Preschool Pedagogy

Abstract

Cilj ovog završnog rada je utvrditi postoje li spolne razlike u stanju uhranjenosti djece predškolske dobi. U skladu s postavljenim ciljem provedeno je istraživanje s namjerom utvrđivanja eventualnih i stvarnih razlika u antropometrijskim karakteristikama između djevojčica i dječaka. Ovo istraživanje provedeno je na uzorku od 30 djece (15 djevojčica i 15 dječaka) u Dječjem vrtiću Bedekovčina s namjerom da se osvijesti razlika u stanju uhranjenosti i da se prikažu rezultati indeksa tjelesne mase (ITM), odnosno koliko djece ima normalnu tjelesnu težinu, koliko ih je pothranjeno ili pretilo.
Djeca predškolske dobi izuzetno su sklona naglim promjena te na njih u velikoj mjeri utječu okolina i ljudi koji ih okružuju. Od najranije dobi događaju se brojne psihičke, ali i fizičke promjene. Karakteristično je da djeca predškolske dobi naglo rastu i razvijaju se te je zbog toga važno kako u roditeljskom aspektu, tako i s profesionalne strane odgojitelja, da se taj rast i razvoj prati te da se spriječe sve negativne posljedice koje mogu nastati zbog nezdravog načina života. Posljednjih nekoliko godina način života djece i odraslih drastično se promijenio. U velikom postotku djece i mladih javlja se pretilost zbog nezdrave prehrane i smanjene količine tjelesne aktivnosti. Tjelesna aktivnost ima izuzetnu važnost u ranoj i predškolskoj dobi te je ključno poticati djecu da razviju ljubav prema njoj samoj. Ona pomaže u sprečavanju razvitka pretilosti, ali i prevenira razne bolesti.
U ovom istraživanju potrebne su dvije antropometrijske karakteristike - tjelesna težina i tjelesna visina. Temeljem podataka izračunat je indeks tjelesne mase (ITM) te naknadno percentile (ITMper). Sakupljeni podaci obrađeni su putem programskog paketa Excel i Statistica 14. Izračunata je deskriptivna statistika (AS, MIN, MAX, SD) i t-test. Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazuju kako je većina djece predškolske dobi normalne tjelesne težine, dok je 13 posto onih koji imaju rizik za razvoj pretilosti u oba spola. Prema dobivenim podacima, nema statistički značajnije razlike u stanju uhranjenosti između djevojčica i dječaka. Valja napomenuti kako je potrebno prevenirati razvoj pretilosti pravilnim vježbanjem i odabirom zdravije vrste prehrane.

Abstract (english)

The aim of this final paper is to determine whether there are gender differences in the nutritional status of preschool children. In accordance with the set objective a research study was conducted with the intention of determining potential and actual differences in anthropometric characteristics between girls and boys. This researh was conducted on a sample of 30 children (15 girls and 15 boys) at the Bedekovčina Kindergarten, with the intention of raising awareness about differences in nutritional status and presenting the results of the Body Mass Indeks (BMI), indicating how many children have normal weight, how many are undernourished, or overweight.
Preschool children are highly susceptible to rapid changes and are greatly influenced by their environment and the people around them. Numerous psychological and physical changes occur from an early age. It is characteristic that preschool children grow and develop rapidly, which is why it is important, both from a parental perspective and a professional perspective of educators, to monitor this growth and development and prevent any negative consequences that may arise from an unhealthy lifestyle. In the past few years, the lifestyle of both children and adults has drastically changed. A large percentage of children and youth are experiencing obesity due to unhealthy eating habits and reduced physical activity. Physical activity is of utmost importance in early and preschool age and it is crucial to encourage children to develop a love for it. It helps prevent the development of obesity and also prevents various diseases.
This research requires two anthropometric characteristics – body weight and height. Based on the dana, the Body Mass Indeks (BMI) was calculated, as well as the BMI percentile (BMIper). The collected dana was processed using the Exel and Statistica 14 software packages. Descriptive statistics (mean, minimum, maximum, standard deviation) and t-tests were calculated. The results of this study show that the majority of preschool children have a normal body weight, while 13 percent are at risk of developing obesity in both genders. According to the obtained data, there is no statistically significant difference in the nutritional status between girls and boys. It should be noted that is necessary to prevent the development of obesity through regular physical activity and healthier food choices.

• Keywords: Tjelesna aktivnost; indeks tjelesne mase; stanje uhranjenosti
• Keywords (english): Physical activity; Body Mass Index; nutritional status
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:067205
• Study programme: Title: Undergraduate University Study of Early and Preschool Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica odgojitelj/odgojiteljica djece (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica odgojitelj/odgojiteljica djece)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-07-20 07:14:21