Filozofijski aspekti odgoja - što nam djeca govore o moralnosti?

undergraduate thesis

• Author: Martina Zubak
• Mentor: Tomislav Krznar (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-12-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; Philosophy; Philosophy of Education

Abstract

Na moralnost možemo gledati kao na nešto što nas potiče da činimo ono što bismo trebali činiti, a to je da poštujemo moralna pravila i vodimo se njima kroz život. Cjelokupno životno obrazovanje i odgoj temelje se zapravo na razvoju i usavršavanju čovjekovih intelektualnih i moralnih sposobnosti. „Prema Aristotelu razum je taj koji usmjerava volju na moralno djelovanje, dakle, čini se kako u tom smislu nema napetosti između tih dviju vrsta sposobnosti.“ (Tomašević, 2011, stranica: 9) Djeci treba osigurati okolinu koja će im omogućiti što bolji intelektualni, ali i moralni razvoj kako bi razvili vlastite potencijale i prilagodili se zahtjevima društva. U ovom se radu daje pregled teorijskih perspektiva o moralnom razvoju djeteta i prikazuju nalazi istraživanja o sposobnostima moralnog prosuđivanja kod djece. Zadaća rada je objasniti na koji način djeca razvijaju sposobnost moralnog prosuđivanja, kakvo okruženje im je nužno osigurati da bi se moralno razvijali te odgovoriti na pitanje mogu li djeca odrasle „poučavati“ o moralnim vrijednostima. Objašnjava se smisao morala i važnost moralnih pravila, opisuju se različiti oblici moralnog ponašanja, preduvjeti i faze moralnog razvoja djeteta, odgojne metode koje (ne)pridonose moralnom razvoju djeteta te sredstva kojima se služimo kako bismo potaknuli djecu da postupaju ispravno. Budući da je moralnost sukladnost ljudskog djelovanja s vanjskim normama, ali i s unutarnjim osjećajem o (ne)ispravnosti određenih postupaka, pojedinci ne moraju nužno poznavati moralni zakon da bi se smatrali moralnima. Stoga se zaključuje da i djeca već u ranoj dobi posjeduju moralnu kompetenciju jer se vode moralnim zakonom koji je upisan u njihova srca. Sukladno tomu, djeca često mogu biti primjeri odraslima i poticati ih na moralno ponašanje.

Abstract (english)

We can look at morality as something that encourages us to do what we should do, and that is to respect moral rules and lead them through life. The entire lifelong education and upbringing are actually based on the development and upgrading of man's intellectual and moral abilities. „According to Aristotel, reason is the one who directs the will to moral action, so there seems to be no tension between these two kinds of abilities" (Tomašević, 2011, page 9) Children should provide an environment that will enable them to have the best intellectual and moral development to develop their own potential and adapt to the demands of society. This paper gives an overview of theoretical perspectives about the moral development of the child and presents research findings on the abilities of moral judgment in children. The task of the paper is to explain how children develop the ability for moral judgment, what kind of environment they need to ensure that they develop morally and answer the question of whether or not adults can "teach" moral values. The meaning of the moral and the importance of moral rules is explained, the different forms of moral behavior, the preconditions and stages of moral development of the child are described, educational methods that (do) contribute to the moral development of the child and the means by which we serve to encourage children to act properly. Since morality is the conformity ofhuman activity with external norms, but also with an inner sense of (non) the validity of certain procedures, individuals do not necessarily need to know the moral law to be considered moral. It is, therefore, concluded that even children at an early age possess moral competence because they are led by the moral law that is entered into their hearts. Consequently, children can often be examples of adults and encourage them to behave morally.

• Keywords: djeca; moralnost; odrasli; razvoj moralnog ponašanja
• Keywords (english): children; morality; adults; the development of moral behavior
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:674155
• Study programme: Title: Undergraduate University Study of Early and Preschool Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-02-07 14:00:34