Morfološka obilježja i tjelesna aktivnost djece u primarnom obrazovanju

master's thesis

• Title (english): Morphological Characteristics and Physical Activity of Children in Primary Education
• Author: Valentina Hercigonja
• Mentor: Snježana Mraković (mentor)
• Committee member: Marija Lorger (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mateja Kunješić Sušilović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Snježana Mraković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-07-01, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Kinesiology; Kinesiological Anthropology

Abstract

Istraživanje je provedeno s ciljem utvrđivanja povezanosti između morfoloških obilježja i tjelesne aktivnosti kod učenika trećih i četvrtih razreda osnovne škole u Zagrebu. Analizirane su razlike u morfološkim obilježjima i razini tjelesne aktivnosti s obzirom na spol te utvrđene razlike između tjelesno aktivnih i neaktivnih učenika. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo uzorak od 106 učenika, uključujući 51 dječaka i 55 djevojčica, u dobi od 9 do 11 godina. Morfološke karakteristike, kao što su tjelesna masa, visina, opseg podlaktice i struka te kožni nabori, mjerene su pomoću standardiziranih metoda. Tjelesna aktivnost procijenjena je upitnikom koji je mjerio učestalost visoke, umjerene, niske i sedentarne aktivnosti, uz pomoć roditelja kako bi se osigurala točnost odgovora. Rezultati su pokazali značajne spolne razlike u morfološkim karakteristikama i tjelesnoj aktivnosti. Djevojčice su imale veće kožne nabore na nadlaktici, dok su dječaci imali veći opseg struka. Također, dječaci su provodili više vremena u umjerenoj tjelesnoj aktivnosti u odnosu na djevojčice. Statistička obrada podataka otkrila je značajnu povezanost između morfoloških obilježja i razine tjelesne aktivnosti, potvrđujući postavljene hipoteze. U pogledu tjelesne aktivnosti, većina učenika nije se bavila napornom fizičkom aktivnošću, dok je umjerena aktivnost bila češća, s većinom sudionika koji su provodili jedan do dva sata dnevno u toj aktivnosti. Sedentarno ponašanje, odnosno vrijeme provedeno u sjedećem položaju, također je bilo značajno, s većinom učenika koji su dnevno sjedili između pet i sedam sati. Istraživanje je ukazalo na potrebu za povećanjem tjelesne aktivnosti među djecom te važnost praćenja morfoloških karakteristika kao pokazatelja zdravlja. Rezultati su u skladu s prethodnim istraživanjima, potvrđujući poznate obrasce rasta i razvoja djece te njihovu povezanost s tjelesnom aktivnošću. U budućnosti bi bilo korisno uključiti širi uzorak i dugoročnu analizu kako bi se bolje razumjeli faktori koji utječu na tjelesnu aktivnost i zdravlje djece.

Abstract (english)

The research aimed to investigate the relationship between morphological characteristics and physical activity among third and fourth-grade students in Zagreb. The differences in morphological characteristics and levels of physical activity with respect to gender were analyzed, and the differences between physically active and inactive students were determined. The study included a sample of 106 students, comprising 51 boys and 55 girls, aged 9 to 11 years. Morphological characteristics such as body weight, height, forearm and waist circumference, and skinfolds were measured using standardized methods. Physical activity was assessed through a questionnaire that measured the frequency of high, moderate, low, and sedentary activity, with parental assistance to ensure accuracy. The results showed significant gender differences in morphological characteristics and physical activity levels. Girls had higher skinfolds on the upper arm, while boys had larger waist circumferences. Additionally, boys spent more time in moderate physical activity compared to girls. Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between morphological characteristics and physical activity levels, confirming the hypotheses. Regarding physical activity, most students did not engage in vigorous physical activity, while moderate activity was more common, with most participants spending one to two hours daily in such activity. Sedentary behavior, or time spent sitting, was also significant, with most students sitting between five and seven hours daily. The research highlighted the need to increase physical activity among children and the importance of monitoring morphological characteristics as health indicators. The results align with previous studies, confirming known patterns of growth and development in children and their relationship with physical activity. Future research should include a broader sample and long-term analysis to better understand the factors influencing children's physical activity and health.

• Keywords: tjelesna aktivnost; morfološka obilježja; standardizirani upitnik; osnovna škola; zdravlje
• Keywords (english): physical activity; morphological characteristics; standardized questionnaire; primary school; health
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:502677
• Study programme: Title: Integrated undergraduated university study with english language and german language; specializations in: English language, Deutsche sprache; Course: English language; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja (magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-10-04 07:04:54