Povijesni prikaz odgoja i obrazovanja nekad i danas

master's thesis

• Author: Lidija Baćanović
• Mentor: Irena Klasnić (mentor)
• Committee member: Irena Klasnić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Siniša Opić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marina Đuranović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; (Chair of Pedagogy and Didactics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Pedagogy; School Pedagogy

Abstract

Ovim radom prikazan je povijesni razvoj odgoja i obrazovanja od starog vijeka do danas. Puno toga se mijenjalo u shvaćanju odgoja i obrazovanja od početaka razvoja društva do danas. Odgoj se pojavio s nastankom prvih zajednica, a podrazumijevao je oponašanje radnji starijih članova plemena. U Sumeru su se pojavile prve škole, a dokaz tomu su glinene pločice pisane hijeroglifima. U staroj Grčkoj, odnosno Ateni i Sparti, formiraju se atenski i spartanski odgoj kojima se njeguju i razvijaju različiti odgojni ideali iako nastaju u isto vrijeme i na malenoj teritorijalnoj udaljenosti. U starom vijeku odgoj je bio obiteljski i fizičko-vojni. Stari vijek je bio poznat po brojnim filozofima kao što su Sokrat, Aristotel, Platon i Marko Fabije Kvintilijan. Srednji vijek obilježavaju feudalizam i podjela na staleže. Važnu ulogu je imala religija i Sveto pismo, a sve se učilo napamet. Srednji vijek karakterizira osnivanje brojnih crkvenih i gradskih škola, a otvaraju se i prva sveučilišta. Veliki preokret događa se u vrijeme humanizma i renesanse kada se odgoj i obrazovanje usmjeravaju na pojedinca. Novi vijek započinje 17. stoljećem i traje do danas. Novi vijek je razdoblje najintezivnijih promjena u odgoju i obrazovanju i velikih mislilaca kao što su Bacon, Descartes, Komensky, Locke, Rousseau, Kant i Pestalozzi. U 20. stoljeću nastaju novi pokreti i nove škole koje nude djelotvornije ideje za odgoj i obrazovaje, a provođenjem reforme školstva obrazovanje postaje opće, jedinstveno, suvremeno i svima dostupno. Danas se puno više raspavlja o odgoju i obrazovanju i onome što je najbolje za pojedinca. Pojedinac se stavlja u središte odgojno-obrazovnog procesa, a glavni cilj postaje razvoj učeničkih znanja, vještina, sposobnosti, vrijednosti i stavova.

Abstract (english)

This work presents the historical development of education from the Old Age to the present. Much has changed regarding education since the beginnings of society development to this day. Education has appeared with the appearance of the first communities and it implied imitating the actions of older tribal members. The first schools appeared in Sumer and proof of this was the clay tiles written by hieroglyphics. In ancient Greece, Athens and Sparta, there were formed Athenian and Spartan education that nurture and develop different educational ideals, although they appeared at the same time and at a small territorial distance. At the Old Age education has family and physical-military character. The Old Age is known for numerous philosophers such as Socrates, Aristotle, Plato and Marco Fabio Quintilian. The characteristics of the Middle Ages are feudalism and class division. Religion and Scripture played an important role and everything was memorized. The Middle Ages are characterized by the establishment of numerous church and city schools and the first universities were open at that time. A major turnaround occurs at the time of Humanism and Renaissance when education is directed to the individual. The New Age begins in the 17th century and continues to this day. The New Age is the period of the most intense changes in education and great thinkers such as Bacon, Descartes, Komensky, Locke, Rousseau, Kant and Pestalozzi. New directions and new schools appeared in the 20th century and they offered more effective ideas for education, and by implementing school reform, education becomes universal, unique, contemporary and accessible to everyone. Today, there is much more discussion about education and what is the best for an individual. An individual is placed at the center of the educational process and the main goal becomes the development of students knowledges, skills, abilities, values an attitudes.

• Keywords: novi vijek; obrazovanje; odgoj; srednji vijek; stari vijek
• Keywords (english): the New Age; education; the Middle Ages; the Old Age
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:515727
• Study programme: Title: Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study of Primary Teacher Education and Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study for Primary Teacher Education with English and German Language; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja (magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-12-11 09:41:54