Title Disleksija - specifična teškoća učenja Author Lucija Smolković Mentor Marina Đuranović (mentor)Committee member Marina Đuranović (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Irena Klasnić (član povjerenstva)Committee member Zdenko Braičić (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2018-07-13, Croatia Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Scientific / art field, SOCIAL SCIENCES Abstract Uključenost učenika s teškoćama u redovite razredne odjele danas je puno veća, no što je bila nekada. Takva djeca zbog teškoća koje imaju zahtijevaju veću pozornost učitelja, prilagodbu sadržaja i metoda rada. Brojne su teškoće u razvoju djece, a jedna od njih je i disleksija - specifična teškoća učenja koja se primarno odnosi na smetnje u području čitanja. Disleksija je mnogo više od teškoće u tehnici čitanja i razumijevanju pročitanog. Ona se smatra specifičnim funkcioniranjem djeteta zbog kojeg ono ima slabosti u primanju i obradi informacija. Teškoće dislektičara odnose se i na pisanje, matematiku, snalaženje u prostoru i vremenu, organizaciju itd. S obzirom na navedeno, oni moraju učiti na drugačiji način. Najprihvatljiviji stil učenja i poučavanja takve djece je onaj koji uključuje osjete sluha i vida s dodirom i kretanjem. Svako usvajanje vještina treba imati temelj, a nedovoljno razvijene psihičke funkcije treba razvijati posebnim vježbama u okviru terapijskog rada logopeda i psihologa. Dislektična djeca su, s obzirom da ta teškoća pripada lakšim teškoćama, integrirana u redovite razredne odjele uz invidualizaciju postupaka ili prilagodbe sadržaja ovisno o specifičnosti funkcioniranja. Njihova uključenost u redoviti program zahtijeva posebne kompetencije učitelja, ali i stalna usavršavanja kako bi upoznali uzroke oštećenja, način rada i prilagodbu te na taj način pružili adekvatnu pomoć i potporu. Učitelj treba omogućiti drugačiji način učenja i poučavanja sukladno njihovim mogućnostima. Za njega bi oni trebali biti izazov u radu. Trebao bi ih poticati, ohrabrivati, pomoći im u stvaranju pozitivine slike o sebi, stvoriti pozitivno ozračje toga razreda, a s druge strane takav bi pristup trebao i omogućiti osobni razvoj svakog učenika.
Abstract (english) The enrollment of learning impaired students into regular classes is much greater than ever before. Because of their specific lerarning challenges these children require greater attention as well as adjustment of learning material and work methodology. There may be many difficulites in a child`s development, one of which may be dyslexia – a specific learning impediment which is primarily reflected as reading difficulties. However, dyslexia is much more than just reading difficulties and lack of reading comprehension. It is considered a specific difficulty in information reception and processing. Dyslexic children may have writing, arithmetic, orientantional and organizational difficulties, among others. With all this information in mind, is clear that dyslexic children need a different approach in studying. The most acceptable learning and tutoring style is one which combines different senses, such as sight and sound with touch and movement. Every skill learning process needs to have a foundation, and underdeveloped psychological functions need to be developed through special exercises in scope of speech therapist and psychotherapist`s work. Dyslexic children are, owing to the fact that dyslexia is considered a mild impediment, for the most part integrated into regular classes with individualized approaches and learning materials depending on each child`s specific impediment. These children`s involvement into regular acitivities demans special skills from teachers, as well as constant education, in order to recognize the causes of the impediment, as well as to adjust their work methodology to be able to provide adequate help and support. The teacher is expected to provide different approaches to learning in accordance with the student`s abilities. Teachers should consider these different approaches as work challenges. These challenges should entice, enocurage and help to form a positive outlook, as well as enable the personal development of individual students.
Keywords
disleksija
poučavanje
prilagodba
učenici s teškoćama
učenje
Keywords (english)
dyslexia
teaching
adjustment
learning impaired students
learning
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:147:001610 Study programme Title: Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study of Primary Teacher Education and Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study for Primary Teacher Education with English and German Language Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution Terms of use Created on 2018-12-12 08:13:00
