Holistički pristup odgoju djece s poremećajima iz spektra autizma predškolske dobi

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Holistic Approach To Raising Children Of Preschool Age With Autism Spectrum Disorders
• Author: Dora Sečić
• Mentor: Jasna Kudek Mirošević (mentor)
• Committee member: Zlatko Bukvić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Goran Lapat (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tea Pahić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; (Chair of Pedagogy and Didactics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-08, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Pedagogy; Specific Pedagogy

Abstract

Ovaj rad se bavi pitanjem odgoja djece s poremećajima iz spektra autizma,
prvenstveno predškolske dobi, s naglaskom na holistički pristup odgoju.
Niti jedno dijete sa poremećajima iz spektra autizma (PSA) nije isto premda imaju
neka istovjetna ponašanja i karakteristike funkcioniranja. Manjak socijalnih vještina,
smanjena kognitivna sposobnost samo su neke od njih. Prije, poremećaji iz spektra
autizma nisu bili toliko prepoznatljivi i istaknuti kao danas i nije se na njih reagiralo
tolerantno. Na djecu s poteškoćama gledalo kao na pojedince koji nisu mogli
pridonijeti zajednici. Smatralo ih se beskorisnima i neproduktivnima, sve do pojave
socijalnog modela. Socijalni model okreće se inkluziji osoba s poteškoćama u razvoju
i uvažavanju individue kao vrijedne ljudskih prava. Tu se rađa humanistički pristup
poteškoćama. Pogled na poremećaje spektra autizma kroz humanistički i holistički
pristup daju mnogi pedagozi i ostali stručnjaci. Kroz filozofiju Rudolfa Steinera dotiču
se razloga o nastanku i objašnjenju tog poremećaja. Polazišta u holističkoj pedagogiji
i odgoj implementiraju se u waldorfskoj pedagogiji Rudolfa Steinera, odnosno
pedagogiji koja teži ka razvoju djeteta u svim njegovim aspektima. Pristup odgojitelja
u takvoj holističkoj pedagogiji je individualan, a to je upravo ono što djeci s
poremećajima iz spektra autizma treba. Poremećaji spektra autizma su kompleksni
poremećaj, ali se uz pravilnu primjenu metoda mogu postići veliki rezultati u
napredovanju djece. Za pravilan razvoj djece potrebno je pružati i poticajnu okolinu u
ustanovama odgojno-obrazovnog sustava u kojemu djeca borave. Pravilan kurikulum
provodi se spajanjem odgojne prakse s kontekstom ustanove pritom razmatrajući i
bazirajući se na humanističkom pristupu teoriji i praksi.

Abstract (english)

This paper deals with the issue of raising children with Autism Spectrum
Disorders, primarily preschool, with an emphasis on a holistic approach to education.
No child with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is the same even though they have
some identical behaviors and functioning characteristics. Lack of social skills, reduced
cognitive ability are just some of them. Previously, autism spectrum disorders were
not as recognizable and prominent as they are today and were not responded to
tolerantly. Children with disabilities were viewed as individuals who could not
contribute to the community. They were considered useless and unproductive, until
the emergence of the social model. The social model focuses on the inclusion of people
with disabilities and respect for the individual as a valuable human right. This is where
the humanistic approach to difficulties is born. Many educators and other experts give
a look at autism spectrum disorders through a humanistic and holistic approach.
Through the philosophy of Rudolf Steiner, they touch on the reasons for the origin and
explanation of this disorder. The starting points in holistic pedagogy and upbringing
are implemented in Rudolf Steiner's Waldorf pedagogy, that is pedagogy that strives
for the development of the child in all its aspects. The approach of educators in such
holistic pedagogy is individual, and this is exactly what children with autism spectrum
disorders need. Autism spectrum disorders are a complex disorder, but with proper
application of the methods, great results can be achieved in the progress of children.
For the proper development of children, it is necessary to provide a stimulating
environment in the institutions of the educational system in which children live. The
proper curriculum is implemented by merging educational practice with the context of
the institution while considering and based on a humanistic approach to theory and
practice.

• Keywords: holistički pristup; dijete; PSA; predškolski odgoj
• Keywords (english): holistic approach; a child; ASD; preschool education
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:383204
• Study programme: Title: Undergraduate University Study of Early and Preschool Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) odgojitelj/odgojiteljica djece rane i preškolske dobi (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) odgojitelj/odgojiteljica djece rane i preškolske dobi)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-01-13 08:39:17