Primjena pokusa u početnoj nastavi prirodoslovlja

master's thesis

• Title (english): The application of experiments in the lower primary school natural science education
• Author: Josipa Vošćak
• Mentor: Alena Letina (mentor)
• Committee member: Višnja Rajić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Alena Letina (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Canjek Androić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-07-06, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Interdisciplinary Natural Sciences; Teaching Methods in the Natural Sciences

Abstract

Radoznalost i potreba za istraživanjem prisutni su kod svakog djeteta. U početnim razredima osnovne škole, učenike se u početnoj nastavi prirodoslovlja uvodi u istraživanje svijeta i spoznavanje prirode koja ih okružuje. Time se učenike potiče na otkrivanje novih spoznaja i razvijanje vještina i sposobnosti koje mu omogućuju snalaženje u suvremenom svijetu. Učiteljeva uloga u tome je poticati radoznalost učenika i njegovu želju za učenjem i otkrivanjem. To će najbolje postići korištenjem prirodoznanstvene metode i prirodoznanstvenih postupaka. Jedan od najvažnijih prirodoznanstvenih postupaka u nastavi prirode i društva je izvođenje pokusa. U trećem razredu osnovne škole dolazi do intenzivnog razvoja istraživačkih vještina kad se učenici upoznaju s pokusom i etapama njegova izvođenja, a nakon toga učenici samostalno kreću u proces otkrivanja prirode i iskustvenog učenja. Osnovna ideja i cilj ovog diplomskog rada jest utvrditi učestalost primjene pokusa u nastavi prirode i društva, a nastojale su se ispitati i kompetencije učitelja te njihovi stavovi i interes za izvođenje pokusa. U teorijskom dijelu diplomskog rada odredio se cilj i namjena pokusa, pobliže se objasnila demonstracija pokusa te se utvrdila važnost primjene pokusa u nastavi prirode i društva. Nadalje, prikazale su se temeljne odrednice pokusa u kurikulumu obveznog obrazovanja te su navedeni i priručnici i radne bilježnice sa zadacima primjene pokusa. U istraživanju su sudjelovali učitelji primarnog obrazovanja (N=103) s područja Hrvatske, a podatci su se prikupljali online anketnim upitnikom konstruiranim za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da učitelji češće provode pokuse s učenicima 3. i 4. razreda, nego s učenicima 1. i 2. razreda. Većina ispitanika (preko 50%) smatra se kompetentnima za izvođenje pokusa. Pokazalo se da učitelji pokazuju veliki interes za izvođenje pokusa u nastavi prirode i društva, a i većina njih je stava da je pokus važan prirodoznanstveni postupak te da je od iznimne važnosti njegovo učestalo izvođenje.

Abstract (english)

Curiosity and the need to explore the world are qualities common to all children. The purpose of Natural Science classes in lower grades of primary school is to introduce students to the exploration of the world and comprehension of the nature that surrounds them. In that way, students are encouraged to learn and develop the skills and abilities necessary to navigate the modern world. The role of the teacher is to encourage students’ curiosity and their need to learn and explore. The best way to accomplish this is by using natural science methods and procedures. One of the most important natural science procedures in Science and Social Studies classes is conducting experiments. Students’ research skills start developing intensively in the third grade of primary school, when they learn about the experiment and the different phases of experimental procedures. Afterwards, students are ready to independently explore nature and empirical learning. The main aim of this diploma thesis is to determine the frequency of using experiments in Science and Social Studies classes. The thesis also aims to examine teachers’ competences, opinions, and overall interest in conducting experiments in the classroom. The theoretical part of the thesis determines the aims and purpose of the experiment, explains its demonstration, and discusses the importance of using experiments in Science and Social Studies classes. Furthermore, it gives an overview of the basic determinants of the experiment in the curriculum for compulsory education, and lists the handbooks and workbooks that contain tasks related to the application of experiments. The participants in this research were primary education teachers from Croatia (N = 103). An online questionnaire, designed specifically for the purposes of this research, was used to collect data. The research has shown that teachers conduct experiments with the third- and fourth-grade students more often than with first or second graders. Most participants (over 50%) consider themselves competent to conduct experiments in the classroom. The research has also shown that teachers show great interest in the application of experiments in Science and Social Studies classes. In addition, most of them believe that the experiment is a significant natural science procedure that should be conducted often.

• Keywords: pokus; prirodoznanstveni postupak; nastava prirode i društva; početna nastava prirodoslovlja
• Keywords (english): experiment; natural science procedure; Science and Social Studies class; lower primary school natural science education
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:671278
• Study programme: Title: Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study of Primary Teacher Education and Integrated Undergraduate and Graduate University Programme of Study for Primary Teacher Education with English and German Language; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja (magistar/magistra primarnog obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-02-12 08:43:31