Dječji crtež kao komunikacijsko sredstvo

master's thesis

• Title (english): Children's drawing as a means of communication
• Author: Viktoria Kralj
• Mentor: Antonija Balić (mentor)
• Committee member: Marijana Županić Benić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Morana Varović Čekolj (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Antonija Balić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Teacher Education; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Pedagogy; Early Childhood and Preschool Pedagogy

Abstract

Dječji crtež jedan je od učinkovitih načina komunikacije putem likovnog izražavanja koji djeci omogućuje da izraze sebe, svoje emocije i unutrašnje konflikte na neverbalan način. Ovaj rad napisan je s ciljem što boljeg razumijevanja i što učinkovitijeg korištenja dječjeg crteža kao komunikacijskog sredstva.
U prvom dijelu rada opisan je pojam likovnog izraza djece te faze razvoja dječjeg crteža koje započinju fazom istraživanja primarnim simbolima, zatim prelaze u fazu izražavanja složenim simbolima, fazu intelektualnog realizma te završavaju ulaskom u fazu vizualnog realizma. Faze slijede jedna drugu no svako dijete iz jedne u drugu prelazi individualnim ritmom. Svaka od navedenih faza razvoja ima svoje specifičnosti koje se vežu uz cjeloviti razvoj djeteta.
Iduća poglavlja opisuju crtež kao komunikacijsko sredstvo te način analize crteža kako bi u njemu mogli prepoznati poruke koje nam dijete šalje i iz njih izvući određene zaključke. Crtež kao sredstvo komunikacije prikazan je iz kuta gledanja tematike dječjeg crteža pri čemu je opisano što nam dijete crtanjem određene tematike poručuje te koji su najčešći simboli koje dijete prikazuje, emocija u dječjem crtežu pri čemu je posebno naglašena vrijednost neverbalnog načina izražavanja za iskazivanje emocija, veličina kao pokazatelja što je djetetu u crtežu posebno važno te značenja boja kojima dijete šalje određenu poruku.
Posebna podpoglavlja unutar rada posvećena su opisu korištenja crteža u dijagnostičke svrhe pri čemu su opisani poznati testovi za dijagnostiku te način komunikacije pomoću crteža s djecom s teškoćama intelektualne prirode, psihičkim poremećajima te autizmom.
Na kraju rada prikazano je izražavanje dječjih emocija kroz likovnu aktivnost provedenu u dječjem vrtiću te je navedeno nekoliko zaključnih riječi koje govore o važnosti crteža kao komunikacijskog sredstva.

Abstract (english)

Children's drawing is one of the effective ways of communication through artistic expression that allows children to express themselves, their emotions and inner conflicts in a non-verbal way. This paper is written with the aim of better understanding and more effective use of children's drawing as a means of communication.
In the first part of the paper, the concept of children's artistic expression and the stages of development of children's drawing are described, which begin with the phase of research with primary symbols, then move to the phase of expression with complex symbols, the phase of intellectual realism and end with entering the phase of visual realism. The phases follow one another, but each child moves from one to the next at an individual pace. Each of the mentioned stages of development has its own specifics that are related to the complete development of the child.
The following chapters describe the drawing as a means of communication and a way of analyzing the drawing so that we can recognize the messages that the child sends us and draw certain conclusions from them. Drawing as a means of communication is presented from the point of view of the theme of a children's drawing, where it is described what the child is telling us by drawing a certain theme and what are the most common symbols that the child shows, emotion in the children's drawing, where the value of non-verbal expression for expressing emotions is particularly emphasized, size as an indicator of what is particularly important to the child in the drawing and the meaning of the colors with which the child sends a certain message.
Special sub-chapters within the paper are dedicated to the description of the use of drawings for diagnostic purposes, where known diagnostic tests are described, as well as the method of communication using drawings with children with intellectual disabilities, mental disorders and autism.
At the end of the paper, the expression of children's emotions through an art activity carried out in a kindergarten is shown, and a few concluding words are stated that speak about the importance of drawing as a means of communication.

• Keywords: komunikacija; faze razvoja; dječji crtež; emocije; teškoće
• Keywords (english): communication; stages of development; children's drawing; emotions; disabilities
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:147:880189
• Study programme: Title: Graduate University Study of Early and Preschool Education; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja (magistar/magistra ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-02-22 10:18:24